Floristic finds in the south-eastern part Altai Krai

Many species of the Liliaceae family Juss. and Orchidaceae Juss. known not only as beautiful flowering plants, they also have medicinal, food, decorative and many other qualities. All this has long attracted human attention to daylilies and orchids, contributes to their extermination, which necessitates the protection. Expanding tourist and recreational development of the territory and economic activities also aggravate the process of reducing such plants. In this regard, the study of rare species of the family Liliaceae Juss. and Orchidaceae Juss. are relevant. The purpose of this work is to Supplement current data on the habitats of individual representatives of daylilies and orchids in the Altai territory. For the South-Eastern part of the region, new information is provided about 13 habitats of four rare plant species: Hemerocallis lilio-asphodelus L., Cypripeum calceolus L., Cypripeum macranthon Sw. and Cypripeum ventricosum Sw., information about which is not available in the third edition of the regional red book.


Introduction
Altai Krai (Territory) is one of the regions of Russia that are developed in the agrarian, tourist and recreational respect; and mining is also developed here, which negatively affects biodiversity. Over many decades, economic activity contributed to the transformation of the region's original flora into anthropogenically transformed, including synanthropic fractions. Despite this, even in such conditions, the nature of the Altai Territory retains rich plant diversity. This is facilitated by various forms of natural ecosystems conservation, one of which is the inclusion of certain plant species in the regional Red Book. The last edition contains 141 species of flowering plants that need priority protection (Red Book of Altai Territory, 2016). Daylilies and orchids, due to their beautiful and well-noticeable flowers, bring diversity to the landscapes and attract the attention of recreants who collect them in bouquets. Local areas of daylilies and orchids are also subject to the negative impact of amateur gardeners and collectors of exotic species, plants are put up for illegal sale, collected for medicinal and other purposes. Therefore, timely identification of new habitats of rare species of the families Liliaceae Juss. and Orchidaceae Juss. is necessary for their protection. The purpose of this work is to supplement current data on the habitats of the representatives of daylilies and orchids in the Altai Territory.

Material and methods
The study of rare plants was carried out on the basis of generally accepted methods (Bychenko, 2008;Methods of field environmental research, 2014). In order to make an idea of the distribution of rare species of the families Liliaceae Juss. and Orchidaceae Juss. in the Altai Territory, an analysis of available sources was carried out, including materials from the 3rd edition of the Red Book of Altai Territory (2016), as well as the results of field expeditions of the authors in 2016-2020.

Results
For the southeastern part of the region, new information is presented on 13 habitats of 4 species of rare plants: Hemerocallis lilio-asphodelus L., Cypripedium calcеolus L., Cypripedium macranthon Sw. and Cypripedium ventricosum Sw. Information about them is not available in the third (last) edition of the regional Red Book.

Discussion
H. lilio-asphodelus L. was recorded in the Red Book of Altai Territory (2016) with a status of 3b. Rare species. In the region, 25 locations of this plant were known. Daylily is protected in 2 specially protected natural territories (SPNA) -in the Kislukhinsky and Ob Reserves (Smirnov, 2016).
The characteristics of two new H. lilio-asphodelus habitats are given below (Fig. 1).

Floristic finds in the south-eastern part Altai Krai
Ukrainian Journal of Ecology, 10(6), 2020  Ukrainian Journal of Ecology, 10(6), 2020 C. calceolus L. is recorded in the Red Book of Altai Territory (2016) with a status of 3b. A rare species throughout the habitat.
The characteristics of the two identified habitats of C. calceolus are given below (Fig. 3).

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Floristic finds in the south-eastern part Altai Krai Ukrainian Journal of Ecology, 10(6), 2020 The closest populations, according to Silantyeva (2016), are known in the Soloneshensky, Talmensky and Topchikhinsky areas, i.e. 100-200 km to the south and northwest. 2. In Tselinny district: coordinates 52°55'18.9''N 86°14'24.9''E. The absolute height is 400 m. The population is on the left side in the upper Kurlemesh river (the right tributary of the Soltonka River), 2 km east-southeast of the mountain Rudinskaya. In a clearing with an area of about 3 hectares, among other plant species, a group of C. calceolus of 45 specimens was discovered, flowering (11.06.2019).
C. macranthon Sw., a protected plant with a status of 3b. Rare species. Over 35 habitats are established in the region. Individual populations, depending on the growing conditions, are large, with dozens of simultaneously flowering specimens (Kislukhinsky nature reserve). In the region C. Macranthon is protected in 10 protected areas (Silantyeva, 2016), populations of these and other orchids are studied at monitoring sites in Kislukhinsky, Kasmalinsky and other reserves (Silantyeva, 2017;Silantyeva et al., 2019).
The characteristics of seven previously unknown C. Macranthon habitats are given below (Fig. 5). Ukrainian Journal of Ecology, 10(6), 2020 3. In Yeltsovsky District: 53°14'40.1''N 86°10'51.9''E. The absolute height is 240 m. The confluence of the Cheremshanka River on the right into the Chumysh river between the villages of Yeltsovka and Cheremshanka. A population of C. Macranthon was found in the third large log, on the left side of the mouth of the Cheremshanka river, at least 100 specimens over 100 m, flowering (08.06.2020). 4. In Yeltsovsky District: 53°16'49.1''N 86°13'02.7''E. The absolute height is 250 m. The valley of the river Yeltsovka, 2.5 km northwest of the old traffic police post at the entrance to the Yeltsovka regional center, in the log on the left side of the river Yeltsovka valley in a population of 5 specimens C. Macranthon, flowering (07.06.2020).
C. ventricosum Sw. Recorded in the Red Book of Altai Territory (2016) with a status of 3b. Rare species. In the region there are 6 known species locations with a population of more than 500 specimens. It is protected in the Kasmalinsky and Kislukhinsky reserves (Silantyeva, 2016).
The characteristics of two new found habitats of C. ventricosum are given below (Fig.8).
The nearest population, according to Silantyeva (2016), is known in the Talmensky district at a distance of more than 150 km. 2. In Tselinny district: coordinates 52°55'18.9''N 86°14'24.9''E. The absolute height is 400 m. The population is on the left side in the upper Kurlemesh river (the right tributary of the Soltonka River), 2 km east-southeast of the mountain Rudinskaya. A group of Cypripedium ventricosum of 47 specimens, flowering (11.06.2019) was found on a site of about 3 ha among different plant species.

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Floristic finds in the south-eastern part Altai Krai Ukrainian Journal of Ecology, 10(6), 2020 Thus, new data on the habitats of H. lilio-asphodelus L., C. calceolus L., C. macranthon Sw. and C. ventricosum Sw. in the inaccessible southeastern part of the Altai Territory will be useful to supplement information on the distribution and number of populations in order to improve measures for their protection.