Ecological Impacts of Plastic Pollution on Natural Ecosystems
Abstract
Plastic pollution has emerged as one of the most significant environmental challenges affecting natural ecosystems worldwide. The widespread use and improper disposal of plastic materials have led to the accumulation of plastic waste in terrestrial, freshwater and marine environments. Plastics persist in ecosystems for decades or even centuries, causing physical, chemical and biological impacts on wildlife and habitats. Microplastics, in particular, have become a growing concern due to their ability to enter food webs and affect ecosystem functioning. Understanding the ecological consequences of plastic pollution is essential for developing effective mitigation strategies and promoting sustainable environmental management.