Effect of various amounts of sunflower oil in feed additives on breast tissues functional condition, reproductivity, and productivity of honey bees
Abstract
I.I. Saranchuk, V. Ya. Vishchur, B. V. Gutyj, O. Ya. Klim
We found that as a result of adding sunflower oil in the amount of 10 and 20 grams to the feed supplement consisting of low-fat soy flour and sugar syrup, it undergoes the dose-dependent increase of the content of saturated, monounsaturated, and mainly polyunsaturated fatty acids, both in fatty acids of total lipids and in non-esterified fatty acids. Providing bees with a feed supplement enriched with sunflower oil in the amount of 10 and 20 g leads to a dose-dependent increase in phospholipids' concentration in the breast tissue of honey bees. Simultaneously, in the phospholipids of the above tissues of I and II experimental groups, the relative content of saturated and polyunsaturated fatty acids increases, but that of monounsaturated ones decreases. In this case, the ratio of the relative content of polyunsaturated fatty acids of the ω-3 family to the polyunsaturated fatty acids of the ω-6 family decreases in the phospholipids of honey's breast tissues bees in the experimental groups I and II. The increase in the concentration of phospholipids and the relative content of polyunsaturated fatty acids of the ω-3 and especially ω-6 families leads to a dose-dependent increase in the sorption capacity of breast tissues of honey bees of the experimental groups I and II. Meanwhile, the content of iron, zinc, copper, chromium, lead, and cadmium increases in the breast tissues of honey bees of the experimental group II. Changes in the content of phospholipids, their fatty acid composition, and sorption capacity of breast tissues of honey bees of the experimental groups I and II are accompanied by changes in the reproductive capacity of bee queens and honey productivity worker bees. In particular, the queens of these groups increase egg production, and worker bees improve honey productivity.
Keywords: honey bees, feed supplement, fatty acids, phospholipids, egg-laying of bee queens, honey productivity
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