Abstract
O.Z. Shcherbyna, T.M. Levchenko, A.V. Holodna, T.O. Baidiuk, V.H. Kurhak, O.O. Tymoshenko, L.S. Romaniuk, O.H. Lubchych*, N.V. Tkachenko, S.V. Polishchuk and A.V. Hurenko
The research was conducted in 2016–2020 at the National Research Center "Institute of Agriculture of the National Academy of Agrarian Sciences of Ukraine". The experimental plots were placed on the fields of selection crop rotation located in the Kyiv-Sviatoshynskyi district of the Kyiv region; the soils of the fields belong to the sod-medium-podzolic sandy loam. The years of research on the temperature regime generally exceeded the value of the average long-term norm, and the amount of precipitation was characterized as arid. According to the generally accepted technology for lupin and soybeans, experiments to determine the plasticity and stability of varieties were carried out on a single agronomic background. The area of the experimental plots was 20.0 m2, repeated four times. Twelve varieties and selection numbers of white lupin and 15 soybean varieties of selection "NSC Institute of Agriculture of National Academy of Agrarian Sciences of Ukraine" were analyzed according to the manifestation of seed yield. Field, measuring, weighing, and laboratory research methods were used to evaluate the material. The analysis of varieties and selection numbers of white lupin allowed dividing them into groups according to the level of yield and plasticity and determining the reaction to changes in environmental conditions, which must be taken into account when determining the location and cultivation technologies. It is established that precocious soybean varieties provide the highest and stable seed yields. Due to the short growing season, ultra-early varieties do not have time to provide high enough yields but are characterized by stable productivity, which allows them to be sown later as an insurance crop and used as a precursor for winter cereals. Medium-ripe varieties of soybeans often suffer from drought in the second half of summer, so high yields can be formed only with sufficient moisture during this period