Integrating biodiversity, ecosystem function and human dimensions for sustainable landscape management under environmental change
Abstract
Environmental change, driven by human activity and climate variability, is reshaping ecosystems worldwide, affecting biodiversity, ecosystem functioning and the services these systems provide to humanity. Sustainable landscape management requires a holistic understanding of the interplay between ecological processes and human dimensions. This article synthesizes current knowledge on the integration of biodiversity conservation, ecosystem function and socio-ecological dynamics in landscapes experiencing anthropogenic pressures. Key themes include habitat fragmentation, pollination services, soil and microbial mediation, water regulation and climate feedbacks. By combining ecological, social and technological approaches—including remote sensing, participatory management and microbial ecology—landscape managers can design interventions that optimize ecosystem services while supporting human livelihoods. The paper emphasizes adaptive strategies to enhance resilience and sustainability in rapidly changing environmental contexts.