Population dynamics of the typical meadow species in the conditions of pasture digression in flooded meadows
Abstract
L.M. Bondarieva*, K.S. Kyrylchuk, V.H. Skliar, O.M. Tikhonova, H.O. Zhatova and M.G. Bashtovyi
The analysis of the vitality structure of the meadow species of Dactylis glomerata L., Festuca pratensis Huds, Phleum pratense L., Trifolium pratense L., Trifolium repens L., Lotus corniculatus L., Convolvulus arvensis L. growing on flood meadows of River Sula and River Psel (Sumy region) in the conditions of overgrazing is presented. The study of vitality included the determination of the indices of the population quality (Q) and the index of the vitality population dynamic (IVD) at different levels of the pasture gradient. The analysis was carried out on the basis of the morphometric parameters of genet and ramets. It has been established that the high grazing pressure on meadow phytocenoses is the powerful destructive environmental factor that impact populations of cereals, legumes and grass. It was revealed that in flooded meadows, the response of the population vitality parameters to grazing is determined by its intensity as well as the species characteristics of plants. Adaptation of species to pasture pressure reveals in vitality variability and plasticity. Analysis of the vitality structure of cereals, legumes and grass showed that high grazing pressure are excessive for the most populations of investigated species. Due to the apparent displacement of the population quality from the prosperous to depressive ones on the pasture gradient, the meadow grasses of floodplain meadows are unstable to the intensive regime of exploitation in the Forest-Steppe region of Ukraine. The realization of different vitality tactics and strategies by the species is the powerful factor in the conservation of biodiversity in the vegetation cover in areas that are exposed to significant anthropogenic pressures.
Keywords: Vitality; population; pasture digression; population quality index; vital dynamics index
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