Some species of the helminth fauna of reindeer (Rangifer tarandus L.) in conditions of the north part of Western Siberia (The Yamal Peninsular)
Abstract
A. Gavrichkin, M. Leshyov, A. Gavrichkinð
The researching of the helminth fauna of reindeer has significant meaning for maintaining the epizootical welfare of the Yamal Peninsular. Reindeer’s helminthiasis is a widespread infection around the territory of Yamal-Nenets Autonomous Area which causes loss to the economy of this region. Reindeer husbandry is an ethnicity-saving industry for local people. It provides clothes and food for them, so the welfare of reindeer is an important issue for indigenous people as well as for the regional economy in general.
The helminth infections cause substantial damage, decreasing the animals’ productivity and blunting their immunity that might lead to exhaustion and death of the animals. With a view to research the epizootical situation we examined some reindeer husbandry enterprises in Tazovskiy, Yamalskiy, Preuralskiy and Purovskiy areas. For the examination of reindeer we used intravital and postmortal methods (the K. Skryabin’s methods of a partial and full autopsy, the methods of helminth scatoscopy and microscopy).
Reindeer’s helminthiasis is the most numerous group of helminth infections by the number of helminthes’ species diversity. While examining the incidence of helminth infections of reindeer we found out that the most widespread infection in Yamal-Nenets Autonomous Area is caused by cestodiasis whereas the parenchymal cysticercosis has got the highest intensity and the cysticercosis tarandi can be rarely seen. The tenuicolic cysticercosis has got the lowest rate in the region. The number of reindeer species infected with echinococcosis in the region is estimated at 4.2%. The monieziasis infection which extension in the region is about 25% has got marked seasonal character. The invasion intensity of such helminth infections as paramphistomatosis and nematodosis amounted to 100%.
Taking into account all the provided data we can confirm that despite the existence of highly-efficient antihelminth means the problem of helminth infections of reindeer still remains relevant and requires the improvement of already existed and implementation of new measures to deal with mentioned diseases.
Keywords: Helminth fauna; reindeer; helminth invasion; cysticercosis; seasonality; extension; deworming; Yamal
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