Trends in the abundance and helminthic fauna of the wild boar (Sus scrofa Linnaeus, 1758) in the subtaiga zone in the south of the Northern Trans-Urals
Abstract
Anna N. Siben*, Alexander Y. Kovalevich, Olga A. Fiodorova and Andrey T. Rotkin
The population of the wild boar in the Yarkovsky district varied from 0 in 2004 and 2005 to 252 in 2011. In Nizhnetavdinsky district, the minimum population of the wild boar was recorded in 2005 and amounted to 15 animals, and the maximum in 2015 was 180 individuals. The wild boar population in the studied territories is characterized by a small number and an unstable balance. The invasion of the wild boar by the causative agents of nematodes (ascridosis, esophagostomosis, metastrongylatosis) and trematodes (echinochasmosis) was found. On the territory of Nizhnetavdinsky district, eggs of the causative agent of ascariasis (Ascaris suum ) were found in the wild boar in 2015; the invasion rate (IR) was 100.0% and in 2017 the IR was 11.1%. The eggs of the causative agent of esophagostomosis (Oesophagostomum spp) were identified only in 2017. with IR-11.1%. Parasitizing of metastrongylatosis-Metastrongylus spp. causative agents in the wild boar were recorded from 2016 to 2018; the IR in 2016 and 2018 was 20.0%, and in 2017 it was 22.2%. The causative agents of echinochasmosis (Echinochasmus spp.) and esophagostomosis (Oesophagostomum spp.) were identified on the territory of Yarkovsky district in 2016 with an IR of 7.7%, as well as ascariasis (A. suum) with an IR of 46.2%. The causative agents of metastrongylatosis ( Metastrongylus spp.) were detected only in 2018, while the extensis invasion of animals was 25.0%. In 2015 and 2017 the prevalence of the wild boar with pathogens of helminthiases was not revealed. Due to the short observation period, the influence of parasites on the wild boar population was not established, further research is required.