Yield capacity and quality of winter wheat seeds and grains depending on pre-sowing seed treatment with MWF of EHF
Abstract
V. Bezpal'ko, S. Stankevych*, L. Zhukova, V. Horiainova, H. Balan, O. Batova, H. Kosylovych, Yu. Holiachuk, D. Gentosh, V. Hlymiazny, O. Bashta, M. Pikovskyi, T. Oliynik, O. Romanov, T. Romanova, Yu. Ogurtsov and I. Klymenko
We established that the formation of the elements of the winter wheat yield structure and its biological yield capacity were mainly influenced by the agrometeorological conditions of the growing year. Winter wheat yield capacity had a significant-close positive correlation with the number of productive stems (r=0.91) and a close correlation with the total number of stems (r=0.75). The most efficient methods of seed pre-sown treatment that cause an increase in the winter wheat yield capacity compared to seed treatment with Vitavax 200 FF, 2.5 L/t are seed irradiation with EHF MWF in the mode of 0.9 kW/kg, 45 sec. or seed irradiation with EHF MWF in the mode of 1.8 kW/kg, 15 sec with additional treatment with Mars EL growth regulator, 0.2 L/t. At high sowing quality indices of the harvested winter wheat grains of the Astet variety within 96-97% of the naturally determined influence of EHF MWF only or together with the Mars EL growth regulator on the indices of sprouting energy and germinating power have not been established. The baking qualities of winter wheat grains of the Astet variety did not change significantly depending on the method of the pre-sown seed treatment. According to the protein content indices and the amount and quality of fluid gluten, the winter wheat grain is under control and in the standard case with Vitavax 200 FF seed treatment, as well as in the cases of applying EHF MWF and Mars EL growth regulator, corresponding to the third class (III) on average for 2011-2013. We observed the highest fluid gluten content in the wheat grains in the EHF of the seed irradiation with MWF of EHF in the mode of 0.9 kW/kg of seeds and exposure of 45 sec.; it was 22.4-22.5%, while under control, it was 21.2%.