Abstract
O. Vodianitskyi, O. Potrokhov, N. Hrynevych, O. Khomiak, Y. Khudiyash, N. Prysiazhniuk, O. Rud, A. Sliusarenko, L. Zagoruy, B. Gutyj*, V. Dushka, V. Maxym, O. Dadak and V. Liublin
The Na + / K + –ATPase of cell membranes is one of the first to provide the formation of a primary response to the action of factors and initiates the mechanisms of formation of long-term adaptation. That is why the purpose of the study was to study the activity of Na-K pump in embryos and caviar of perch, roach, and ruffe under the action of different temperature and oxygen modes of the reservoir. The biological material of the studies was caviar, embryos and larvae of perch (Perca fluviatilis L.), roach (Rutilus rutilus L.) and ruffe (Gymnocephalus cernuus L.). Three reservoirs (ponds) were selected, which, due to their location and degree of shading, differed in temperature conditions and, consequently, in the oxygen regime. The studies were conducted during April-May, at a time when perch, roach and ruffe spawning occur in natural water bodies. The maximum activity of the enzyme at the pre-cell stage was observed at a temperature of 16.3°C and amounted to 4.67 μmol Pi mg protein-1 h-1, and when it reached an ambient temperature of 18.1°C it decreased by 46.4% compared to the maximum. With the increase in the temperature of the aqueous medium above the norm decreased the activity of Na-K pump, which is due to the weakening of redox and increased anaerobic processes at low oxygen content in water. The activity of Na-K pump for perch embryos clearly shows that the most favorable temperatures for embryonic development are its lower values, in particular for the stage of eye pigmentation it is 14.9°C. After hatching at the pre-stage stage, maximum enzyme activity was observed at 16.3°C. For embryonic development of ruffe in the middle of the shell, the optimum water temperature is 15–16°C, but already at the stage of pre-cellulose, its optimum increased significantly, reaching 19–20.9°C. Roach is a more thermophilic species compared to perch and prefers higher water temperatures during embryonic development. It was noted that the activity of ATPase increased significantly with increasing water temperature. This may indicate a high adaptation of the roach to the temperature of the reservoirs, both under climatic norms and somewhat exceeding this norm. The best temperature for embryonic development of the roach is 16–17°C, and during pre-embryonic stage its optimum increased to 20–21°C.